ignimbrite|ignimbrites in English

noun

thin grained volcanic rock mainly composed of welded fragments of quartz and feldspa

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1. Ignimbrite is a volcanic rock typically of rhyolitic composition.

2. Three stages of lava flow emanate from the volcano, which formed on Pleistocene ignimbrites.

3. Where the flowing ashes are overlain by airborne ash, an ignimbrite or tuff is formed.

4. Most Gothian rocks are acid volcanics and granitoids. Among the former ignimbrites are common.

5. The ignimbrites form a surface that lies at an average elevation of 4,000 metres (13,000 ft).

6. 7 The frequent association of massive quantities of ignimbrite with large calderas suggests a genetic link.

7. The earliest eruptions of the volcano occurred around one million years ago, explosive activity producing ignimbrite.

8. 6 In some cases these can completely cover the topography over an extensive area and form an ignimbrite plateau.

9. Basalts and alkali-feldspar rhyolites, associated in some places with ignimbrites, occur in volcanic bodies that are interlayered with pyroclastic and fossiliferous Upper Cretaceus sedimentary rocks.

10. The copper sulphides (chalcocite, bornite with accessory chalcopyrite and pyrite) and associated minerals (chlorites, sericite, albite, epidote, quartz) crystallized during the cooling of the ignimbrite and were included in pyromeride textures.

11. Many of these calderas are part of the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex, a large volcanic complex covering a surface area of 70,000 square kilometres (27,000 sq mi) with about 30,000 cubic kilometres (7,200 cu mi) of ignimbrites.

12. Both ignimbrites originated from different parts of the same magma chamber and their origin in the La Pacana caldera is established by isotope ratios of the rocks and the geographical distribution of their outcrops.

13. The stratigraphic units under consideration, Lower Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous and/or Lower Tertiary in age, have an accumulated thickness of 15,000 to 28,000 m, cover an area of nearly 2,500 km2, and consist predominantly of basic and acid lavas, ignimbrites and volcanic-clastic sediments, deposited in marine and continental environments.

14. Up to 10% cash back  · The outflow of the ignimbrite indeed followed a long period of andesitic activity; it has been preceded — and followed — by flows of Bandaite, a leucocratic lava with highly basic plagioclase (about 80 to 90% An); according to the authors, this kind of lava was generated, at shallow dephts by the assimilation of aluminous strata by a